Context: The overhand pitch is one of the fastest known human motions and places
enormous forces and torques on the upper extremity. Shoulder and elbow pain and injury …

Background: Contributing factors for arm injuries among baseball players have been
described. However, no review has systematically identified risk factors with findings from …

Context: Although baseball is a relatively safe sport, numerous reports suggest a rapid rise
in elbow injury rate among youth baseball pitchers. Evidence Acquisition: PubMed was …

Background: During the pitching motion, velocity is generated by the upper extremity kinetic
chain on internal rotation of the shoulder and trunk translational/rotational motion. This …

Background: Likely due to the high level of strain exerted across the elbow during the
throwing motion, elbow injuries are on the rise in baseball. To identify at-risk athletes and …

Background: An injury to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow is potentially
career threatening for elite baseball pitchers. Stress ultrasound (US) of the elbow allows for …

Background: In a properly coordinated throwing motion, peak pelvic rotation velocity is
reached before peak upper torso rotation velocity, so that angular momentum can be …

Background: There is a growing number of pitching-related upper extremity injuries among
young baseball pitchers; however, there is a lack of data on the identification of injury …

Background: Recently, lumbopelvic control has been linked to pitching performance,
kinematics, and loading; however, poor lumbopelvic control has not been prospectively …

Background: Emphasis on enhancing baseball pitch velocity has become popular,
especially through weighted-ball throwing. However, little is known about the physical …