There is significant interest in understanding inflammatory responses within the brain and
spinal cord. Inflammatory responses that are centralized within the brain and spinal cord are …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity both in civilian life
and on the battlefield worldwide. Survivors of TBI frequently experience long-term disabling …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to significant neuropsychiatric problems and
neurodegenerative pathologies, which develop and persist years after injury …

Glia of the central nervous system (CNS) help to maintain homeostasis in the brain and
support efficient neuronal function. Microglia are innate immune cells of the brain that …

Determining regions of altered brain physiology after diffuse brain injury is challenging.
Microglia, brain immune cells with ramified and dynamically moving processes, constantly …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with chronic psychiatric complications and
increased risk for development of neurodegenerative pathology. Aged individuals account …

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a higher incidence of depression.
The majority of individuals who suffer a TBI are juveniles and young adults, and thus, the risk …

Microglia undergo dynamic structural and transcriptional changes during the immune
response to traumatic brain injury (TBI). For example, TBI causes microglia to form rod …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive, psychiatric, and
neurodegenerative complications that may develop after injury. Increased microglial …

Depending on severity, traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces immediate neuropathological
effects that in the mildest form may be transient but as severity increases results in neural …