Background Methamphetamine has long been considered as a neurotoxic substance
causing cognitive deficits. Recently, however, the magnitude and the clinical significance of …

Decades of research have examined the effects of cannabis on neurocognition. Recent
advances in this field provide us with a better understanding of how cannabis use influences …

Most substance abusers simultaneously use and abuse more than one substance, even
when there is a clear drug of choice. This pattern creates a great challenge in relating …

This review provides a critical analysis of the central nervous system effects of acute and
chronic methamphetamine (MA) use, which is linked to numerous adverse psychosocial …

Rationale The majority of drug abusers are incapable of sustaining abstinence over any
length of time. Accumulating evidence has linked intense and involuntary craving, Impulsive …

Diverse intellectual functions including memory are some important aspects of cognition.
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter of the catecholamine family, which contributes to the …

Decision-making consists of selecting an action from a set of available options. This results
in an outcome that changes the state of the decision-maker. Therefore, decision-making is …

Substance dependent individuals (SDI) often exhibit decision-making deficits; however, it
remains unclear whether the nature of the underlying decision-making processes is the …

Understanding the relationship between the molecular mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity
of high-dose methamphetamine (METH) and related clinical manifestations is imperative for …

Substance dependence is associated with executive function deficits, but the nature of these
executive defects and the effect that different drugs and sex have on these defects have not …