Nowadays, diabetes mellitus has emerged as a significant global public health concern with
a remarkable increase in its prevalence. This review article focuses on the definition of …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a broad spectrum of diseases afflicting the heart
and blood vessels and remain a major cause of death and disability worldwide. CVD …

Although the great effectiveness of doxorubicin (Dox) in the treatment of many types of
tumors, it showed limited effectiveness against the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma …

White adipose tissue (WAT) fibrosis, characterized by an excess of extracellular (ECM)
matrix components, is strongly associated with WAT inflammation and dysfunction due to …

The progressive degeneration of the skeletal musculature in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
is accompanied by reactive myofibrosis, fat substitution, and chronic inflammation. Fibrotic …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic diseases characterized by
recurring periods of exacerbation and remission. Fibrosis of the intestine is one of the most …

Fibrosis refers to excessive build‐up of scar tissue and extracellular matrix components in
different organs. In recent years, it has been revealed that different cytokines and …

Chronic liver disease (CLD) constitutes a growing global health issue, with no effective
treatments currently available. Oxidative stress closely interacts with other cellular and …

Macrophages are a heterogeneous cell type with high plasticity, exhibiting unique activation
characteristics that modulate the progression and resolution of diseases, serving as a key …

The protective effect of biochanin A (BCA) on the histopathology, immunohistochemistry,
and biochemistry of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in vivo was investigated …