Metabolic syndrome, which includes diabetes and obesity, is one of the most widespread
medical conditions. It induces systemic inflammation, causing far reaching effects on the …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a term used to describe a series of properties possessed
by the vasculature of the central nervous system (CNS) that tightly regulate the movement of …

In inflammatory CNS conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), current options to treat
clinical relapse are limited, and more selective agents are needed. Disruption of the blood …

This review focuses on the role of oxidative processes in atherosclerosis and its resultant
cardiovascular events. There is now a consensus that atherosclerosis represents a state of …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic and complex interface between blood and the
central nervous system that strictly controls the exchanges between the blood and brain …

Inflammation is a complex and potentially life-threatening condition that involves the
participation of a variety of chemical mediators, signaling pathways, and cell types. The …

As a chemical transmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, nitric oxide (NO) is still
thought a bit of an oddity, yet this role extends back to the beginnings of the evolution of the …

The vascular endothelium is a critical regulator of vascular function. Diverse stimuli such as
proinflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic forces modulate endothelial phenotype and …

The vascular endothelium plays a critical role in vascular homeostasis. Inflammatory
cytokines and non-laminar blood flow induce endothelial dysfunction and confer a pro …

Heat shock proteins (Hsp) form the most ancient defense system in all living organisms on
earth. These proteins act as molecular chaperones by helping in the refolding of misfolded …