Background: Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are common worldwide, causing nutritional
rickets and osteomalacia, which have a major impact on health, growth, and development of …

Abstract Purpose of Review Nutritional rickets and osteomalacia are common in dark-
skinned and migrant populations. Their global incidence is rising due to changing …

Background: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region registers some of the highest
rates of hypovitaminosis D worldwide. Aim: We systematically reviewed the prevalence of …

Nutritional rickets is a major public health problem in many countries of the world. The
disease is characterized by deformities of the long bones, enlargement of the wrists and …

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, particularly among young women
and is emerging as public health threat of epidemic proportions. Prevalence of severe …

Immigrant and refugee populations bring public health challenges to host nations. In the
current global refugee crisis, children are the most vulnerable subpopulation. Diseases that …

Background Whilst hypocalcemic complications from vitamin D deficiency are considered
rare in high-income countries, they are highly prevalent among Black, Asian and Minority …

Context: Inherited forms of vitamin D deficiency are rare causes of rickets and to date have
been traced to mutations in three genes, VDR, encoding the 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D …

Calcium and phosphorus represent building material for bones. The supplier of these bone
minerals is the hormone calcitriol, which originates from vitamin D, itself made by sunshine …

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the general features of rickets, classification of the
various causes of the disease, and nutritional rickets. Rickets is a clinical syndrome …