Spinal dysraphisms (SDs) are congenital malformations of the spinal cord, determined by
derangement in the complex cascade of embryologic events involved in spinal …

The management of myelomeningocele study trial showed significant prognostic
improvement in fetal repair before 26 weeks of gestation. Hence, surgery in utero represents …

Background Spinal dysraphism (SD) encompasses congenital spinal defects that result from
inappropriate fusion of the different midline osseous, mesenchymal, and neural elements …

Introduction Four-hour voiding observation with provocation test (VOP) using a scale, a
damp detector and ultrasound for determination of residuals, is an easily performed non …

The spectrum of spinal dysraphism includes various congenital anomalies of the spinal
column and spinal cord. Clinical manifestations are varied and range from paraparesis …

Congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord are a large and diverse group of
diagnoses, which are often broadly referred to as spinal dysraphisms (SDs). Derived from …

The development of the spinal cord can be summed up in three developmental stages:
gastrulation (2–3 weeks), primary neurulation (3-4 weeks) and secondary neurulation (5–6 …

Spinal dysraphism is a group of disorders resulting from an embryologic failure of spinal
cord development which can lead to a radicular-medullary mechanical stretch that …

Background: Myelomeningocele (MMC) is the most common open spinal dysraphism (OSD)
and is typically associated with other clinical and/or radiological abnormalities. Chiari type 2 …

Objectives: To report the spectrum of spinal dysraphism presenting in pediatric patients
admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery Lady reading hospital Peshawar. Material & …