Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) leads to progressive
immunodeficiency and onset of opportunistic infections and neoplasms. The loss of immune …

We sought to examine the effects of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection on the expression
of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules by human fibroblasts and T …

In humans as in other animal species, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an
important if not the major role in controlling virus‐infected and malignant cell growth. The …

Viral ion channels are short auxiliary membrane proteins with a length of ca. 100 amino
acids. They are found in enveloped viruses from influenza A, influenza B and influenza C …

The incorporation of biologically active host proteins into HIV-1 is a well-established
phenomenon, particularly due to the budding mechanism of viral egress in which viruses …

Investigating escape mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from
cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of HIV-1 …

HIV Tat, a transactivator of viral transcription, represses transcription of major
histocompatibility (MHC) class I genes. Repression depends exclusively on the C-terminal …

Human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV) is the etiologic agent of acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS. Vectors based upon HIV have been in use for over a …

Viral protein U (Vpu) is a lentiviral viroporin encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type
1 (HIV-1) and some simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains. This small protein of 81 …

ABSTRACT HIV-1 Nef and Vpu are thought to optimize virus replication in the infected host,
at least in part via their ability to interfere with vesicular host cell trafficking. Despite the use …