Long-time ischemia worsening transplant outcomes in vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA) is often neglected. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an …

Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to a low success rate of skin flap transplantation in
reconstruction surgery, thus requiring development of new treatments. Necroptosis and …

Flap necrosis, the most prevalent postoperative complication of reconstructive surgery, is
significantly associated with ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Recent research indicates that …

Background Microsurgical free tissue transfer (FTT) is a widely employed surgical modality
utilized for reconstruction of a broad range of defects, including head and neck, extremity …

Technical advances in microsurgery have enabled complex oncological reconstructions by
performing free tissue transfers, nerve and lymphatic reconstructions. However, the manual …

Free tissue flap transplantation is a classic and important method for the clinical repair of
tissue defects. However, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury can affect the success rate of skin …

Background Skin flap transplantation is a common wound repair method in orthopedic
surgery, but skin flap necrosis remains problematic. Memantine, an excitatory amino acid …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Flap necrosis is the most common complication after flap
transplantation, but its prevention remains challenging. Tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is the …

Dietary nitrate, found abundant in green vegetables, can be absorbed into the blood and be
converted to nitric oxide (NO) in the body. Dietary nitrate has been proved to have many …

Vascularized composite allotransplantation can improve quality of life and restore
functionality. However, the complex tissue composition of vascularized composite allografts …