Many polarisation techniques have been harnessed for decades in biological and clinical
research, each based upon measurement of the vectorial properties of light or the vectorial …

In the last 25 years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has advanced to be one of the
most innovative and most successful translational optical imaging techniques, achieving …

This tutorial-review introduces the fundamentals of polarized light interaction with biological
tissues and presents some of the recent key polarization optical methods that have made …

Altered microarchitecture of collagen type I is a hallmark of wound healing and cancer that is
commonly attributed to myofibroblasts. However, it remains unknown which effect collagen …

Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is an important optical imaging technique in
a variety of applications. This article describes the history and physical principles of SHG …

Nonlinear optical processes, such as harmonic generation, are of great interest for various
applications, eg, microscopy, therapy, and frequency conversion. However, high-order …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional, acellular scaffold of living tissues.
Incorporating the ECM into cell culture models is a goal of cell biology studies and requires …

This paper aims to review recent progress in optical clearing of the skin and over naturally
turbid biological tissues and blood using this technique in vivo and in vitro with multiphoton …

Second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) microscopies
have emerged as powerful imaging modalities to examine structural properties of a wide …

This is the first section of the review-tutorial paper describing fundamentals of tissue optics
and photonics mostly devoted to biological tissue structures and their specificity related to …