Endogenous indole and its derivatives (indoles), considered as promising N-substituted
heterocyclic compounds, are tryptophan metabolites derived from intestinal microbiota and …

The microbiota–gut–brain axis plays an important role in the development of
neurodegenerative diseases. Commensal and pathogenic enteric bacteria can influence …

Abstract Information related to the diverse and dynamic metabolite composition of the small
intestine is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. However, our current …

Due to the importance of using cost-effective methods for therapeutic purposes, the function
of probiotics as safe microorganisms and the study of their relevant functional mechanisms …

Proper nutrition is crucial for normal brain and neurocognitive development. Failure to
optimize neurodevelopment early in life can have profound long-term implications for both …

The complex bidirectional communication system existing between the gastrointestinal tract
and the brain initially termed the “gut–brain axis” and renamed the “microbiota–gut–brain …

Cognitive function in humans depends on the complex and interplay between multiple body
systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut microbiota, which …

The gut microbiome produces chemically diverse small molecules to interact with the host,
conveying signals from the gut to the whole system. The microbial metabolites feature …

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid primarily derived from the diet for use by the
host for protein synthesis. The intestinal tract is lined with cells, both host and microbial, that …

Simple Summary High ambient temperature is a major environmental stressor affecting the
physiological and behavioral status of animals, increasing stress susceptibility and …