Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic levels in the United States and worldwide,
and this has contributed to substantial cardiovascular and other health risks. However …

Tobacco use, especially cigarette smoking, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity
and mortality and is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Comprehensive …

Background E-cigarettes are commonly used in attempts to stop smoking, but evidence is
limited regarding their effectiveness as compared with that of nicotine products approved as …

Despite accumulating evidence demonstrating strong epidemiologic and mechanistic
associations between cigarette smoking, hyperglycemia, and the development of type 2 …

Background Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death
worldwide. Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licensed …

Background Whether weight gain after smoking cessation attenuates the health benefits of
quitting is unclear. Methods In three cohort studies involving men and women in the United …

Background Tobacco smoking remains one of the few preventable factors associated with
complications in pregnancy, and has serious long‐term implications for women and babies …

Background Tobacco smoking in pregnancy causes serious health problems for the
developing fetus and mother. When used by non‐pregnant smokers, pharmacotherapies …

Background Smoking is a leading cause of disease and death worldwide. In people who
smoke, quitting smoking can reverse much of the damage. Many people use behavioural …

Objectives The primary objectives of these international guidelines were to provide a global
audience of clinicians with (a) a series of evidence-based recommendations for the …