The locus coeruleus (LC)-noradrenergic system is the main source of noradrenaline in the
central nervous system and is involved intensively in modulating pain and stress-related …

Abstract Background The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) recently released a
Request for Information (RFI) soliciting comments on nonhuman animal models of …

The plasticity of glutamatergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) represents a
fundamental mechanism in the modulation of dopamine neuron burst firing and phasic …

Background Habitual reward-seeking behavior is a hallmark of addictive behavior. The role
of the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) in regulating goal-directed reward-seeking behavior has …

The dorsal (DS) and ventral striatum (VS) receive dopaminergic projections that control
motor functions and reward-related behavior. It remains poorly understood how dopamine …

The pervasive and frequently devastating nature of aggressive behavior calls for a collective
effort to understand its psychosocial and neurobiological underpinnings. Regarding the …

Background The progressive loss of cartilage matrix and the breakdown of articular cartilage
induced by inflammation play an essential role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis …

Dorsal striatal dopamine transmission engages the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC)
circuit, which is implicated in many neuropsychiatric diseases, including obsessive …

Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) represent a
technical revolution in integrative neuroscience. However, the first used ligands exhibited …

Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play an important role in
cognition, emergence from anesthesia, reward, and aversion, and their projection to the …