Oral mucosal drug delivery is an alternative method of systemic drug delivery that offers
several advantages over both injectable and enteral methods. Because the oral mucosa is …

Oedema is one of the fundamental features of heart failure, but the pathophysiology of
oedema varies. Patients present along a spectrum ranging from acute pulmonary oedema to …

STUDY OBJECTIVE: We perform a feasibility and outcome assessment of the treatment of
severe decompensated heart failure with high-dose nitroglycerin. METHODS: This study …

Patients with severely increased blood pressure often present to the emergency department.
Emergency physicians evaluate and treat hypertension in various contexts, ranging from the …

Hypertensive emergencies occur when high blood pressure is associated with the presence
of acute end-organ damage, such as hypertensive encephalopathy. There is controversy as …

Background: Acute pulmonary oedema (APOE) is a major health problem, leading to poor
hospital and long‐term outcomes. There is a relative paucity of studies describing prognosis …

The sublingual route is one of the early modes of administration for systemic drug delivery.
This route avoids first-pass metabolism and affords quick drug entry into the systemic …

Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) is a common and potentially deadly condition
frequently encountered in emergency medicine. Many conditions exist that directly or …

Most patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) go through the
emergency department as their initial point of care. New diagnostic tests hold the promise to …

PREVIEW A terrified patient straining for breath is, unfortunately, a fairly common emergency
situation encountered by physicians in many settings, from ambulatory care centers to …