Rationale: A cell-based biological pacemaker is based on the differentiation of stem cells
and the selection of a population displaying the molecular and functional properties of native …

The rhythmic electrical activity of the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinoatrial node (SAN),
determines cardiac beating rate (BR). SAN electrical activity is tightly controlled by multiple …

There are 4 isoforms of HCN channels, and the expression of all of them has been reported
in the myocardium, albeit at low levels for HCN3. 19, 22 The relative expression profiles of …

In the adult animal the sinoatrial node (SAN) rhythmically generates a depolarizing wave
that propagates to the rest of the heart. However, the SAN is more than a simple clock; it is a …

Genetically modified mice are popular experimental models for studying the molecular
bases and mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmia. A postgenome challenge is to classify the …

Key points Natriuretic peptides (NPs) elicit their effects via multiple NP receptors (including
NPR‐A, NPR‐B and NPR‐C, with NPR‐C being relatively poorly understood). We have …

The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the primary pacemaker of the heart and is responsible for
generating the intrinsic heartbeat. Within the SAN, spontaneously active pacemaker cells …

Pacemaker (HCN) channels have a key role in the generation and modulation of
spontaneous activity of sinoatrial node myocytes. Previous work has shown that …

Based on their established role in the generation of spontaneous activity in pacemaker cells
and control of cardiac rate, funny/hyperpolarisation-activated, cyclic nucleotide gated 4 …

Hyperpolarization‐activated cation channels generate the If current in the heart. In the sino‐
atrial node (SAN), If is thought to play an essential role in setting the heart rate and …