Migraine is two to three times more prevalent in women than men, and women report a
longer attack duration, increased risk of headache recurrence, greater disability, and a …

The term menstrual migraine refers to migraine that is associated with menstruation by more
than chance, but it does not define pathophysiology. Menstrual migraine affects about 20 …

Background The three primary headaches, tension-type headache, migraine and cluster
headache, occur in both genders, but all seem to have a sex-specific prevalence. These …

Several data indicate that migraine, especially migraine with aura, is associated with an
increased risk of ischemic stroke and other vascular events. Of concern is whether the risk of …

Perimenopause marks a period of increased migraine prevalence in women and many
women also report troublesome vasomotor symptoms. Migraine is affected by fluctuating …

Background and Objectives Sex hormones may modulate calcitonin gene-related peptide
(CGRP) release in the trigeminovascular system. We studied CGRP concentrations in …

Combined hormonal contraceptives are contraindicated in women who have migraine with
aura, in whom these drugs can increase the risk of ischemic stroke. However, this …

Chronic pain is one of the most debilitating human diseases and represents a social and
economic burden for our society. Great efforts are being made to understand the molecular …

A significant number of women with migraine has to face the choice of reliable hormonal
contraception during their fertile life. Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) may be …

Unnecessary confusion still surrounds the use of combined hormonal contraceptives
(CHCs) in the setting of migraine with aura (MwA). Clearing this confusion is a key issue for …