Axial motor signs—including gait impairment, postural instability and postural abnormalities—
are common and debilitating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson disease …

Advanced Parkinson's disease is characterized by the presence of motor fluctuations,
various degree of dyskinesia, and disability with functional impact on activities of daily living …

Context Deep brain stimulation is an accepted treatment for advanced Parkinson disease
(PD), although there are few randomized trials comparing treatments, and most studies …

Background Surgical intervention for advanced Parkinson's disease is an option if medical
therapy fails to control symptoms adequately. We aimed to assess whether surgery and best …

We report the 5 to 6 year follow‐up of a multicenter study of bilateral subthalamic nucleus
(STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in advanced …

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a small, glutamatergic nucleus situated in the
diencephalon. A critical component of normal motor function, it has become a key target for …

During the last 15 years deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been established as a highly-
effective therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Patient selection, stereotactic …

Addictions to dopaminergic drugs or to pleasant behaviours are frequent and potentially
devastating neuropsychiatric disorders observed in Parkinson's disease. They encompass …

Only a few years after the introduction of levodopa, the first descriptions of motor fluctuations
and dyskinesia related to dopaminergic therapy appeared. In PD, attention turned to their …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a commonly employed
therapeutic procedure for patients with Parkinson's disease uncontrolled by medical …