Entrapment neuropathies such as carpal tunnel syndrome, radiculopathies, or radicular pain
are the most common peripheral neuropathies and also the most common cause for …

Spinal endoscopy has the stigma of being reserved for only a few surgeons who can figure
out how to master the steep learning curve and develop clinical practice settings where …

Annulus fibrosus (AF) repair remains a challenge because of its limited self-healing ability.
Endogenous repair strategies combining scaffolds and growth factors show great promise in …

Although degeneration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) is a major contributor to intervertebral
disc degeneration (IVDD) and low back pain, the underlying molecular complexity and …

Continuous monitoring of spinal and joint motions in patients allows surgeons to optimize
patient rehabilitation. However, the current monitoring approaches are achieved via tethered …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration occurred with the increasing age or accidents has
puzzled peoples in daily life. To seal IVD defect by injectable hydrogels is a promising …

Tissue-engineered approaches for the treatment of early-stage intervertebral disc
degeneration have shown promise in preclinical studies. However, none of these therapies …

Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is the major cause of degenerative disc disease
(DDD). This condition cannot be treated or attenuated by traditional open or minimally …

Background: Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar disc decompression (TELD) has emerged
as a treatment alternative to open lumbar discectomy, but rates of herniated lumbar disc …

Background Spinal percutaneous biportal endoscopic surgery (PBES) is a minimally
invasive surgery; however, it is associated with several poor outcomes. This study aimed to …