Abstract Language behaviour is complex, but neuroscientific evidence disentangles it into
distinct components supported by dedicated brain areas or networks. In this Review, we …

Neurological insults, such as congenital blindness, deafness, amputation, and stroke, often
result in surprising and impressive behavioural changes. Cortical reorganisation, which …

Highlights•The cerebellum is consistently activated for a variety of language tasks.•The
cerebellum contributes to phonological and semantic processing.•Damage to the …

Summary Although the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) in left temporal cortex is considered
the pre-eminent region in visual word processing, other regions are also implicated. We …

When brain regions that are critical for a cognitive function in adulthood are irreversibly
damaged at birth, what patterns of plasticity support the successful development of that …

Much of the language we encounter in our everyday lives comes in the form of conversation,
yet the majority of research on the neural basis of language comprehension has used input …

Reading acquisition is a prolonged learning process relying on language development
starting in utero. Behavioral longitudinal studies reveal prospective associations between …

Left hemisphere damage in adulthood often leads to linguistic deficits, but many cases of
early damage leave linguistic processing preserved, and a functional language system can …

A low number of individuals show an atypical brain control of language functions that differs
from the typical lateralization in the left cerebral hemisphere. In these cases, the neural …

Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare neurological pathology affecting one cerebral
hemisphere, therefore, posing unique challenges. Patients may undergo hemispherectomy …