The efficacy, safety and positioning of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the treatment of
patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is much debated, since it can …

Background Long‐acting bronchodilators such as long‐acting β‐agonist (LABA), long‐
acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), and LABA/inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) combinations …

Background Blood eosinophil count has been proposed as a predictor of response to
inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in the prevention of acute exacerbations of COPD. An optimal …

Background: Whether all types of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) would increase the
pneumonia risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains …

Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) have been used widely in the maintenance
therapy of COPD. However, whether inhaled therapy containing ICSs can reduce the all …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with major healthcare and
socioeconomic burdens. International consortia recommend a personalized approach to …

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent
respiratory symptoms and dyspnea, as well as an increase in the number of leukocytes in …

Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface
receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and …

Background The fracture risk of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
treated with inhaled corticosteroids is controversial. And some large-scale randomized …

ICS are anti-inflammatory agents which have been suggested to benefit people with
worsening symptoms of COPD, by improving lung function, reducing exacerbation of …