Titanium dental implants are a multibillion dollar market in the United States alone. The
growth of a bacterial biofilm on a dental implant can cause gingivitis, implant loss, and …

Cancer phototherapy indicates advantages in ease of manipulation, negligible drug
resistance, and spatiotemporal control but is confronted with challenges in tumor cell …

Microscale organisms and specialized motile cells use protein-based spring-like responsive
structures to sense, grasp and move. Rendering this biomechanical transduction …

A wide array of biocompatible micro/nanorobots are designed for targeted drug delivery and
precision therapy largely depending on their self-adaptive ability overcoming complex …

The development of artificial small-scale robotic swarms with nature-mimicking collective
behaviors represents the frontier of research in robotics. While microrobot swarming under …

Micro-/nanorobots (MNRs) are envisioned to act as “motile-targeting” platforms for
biomedical tasks due to their ability to propel and navigate in challenging, hard-to-reach …

As a typical, classical, but powerful biochemical sensing technology in analytical chemistry,
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) shows excellence and wide practicability for …

Intelligent micromachines, with dimensions ranging from a few millimeters down to hundreds
of nanometers, are miniature systems capable of performing specific tasks autonomously at …

Hydrogels are soft materials composed of a three-dimensional (3D) hydrophilic polymer
network filled with a large amount of water. Different from rigid machines, hydrogel-based …

Nanozymes, a type of nanomaterials that function similarly to natural enzymes, receive
extensive attention in biomedical fields. However, the widespread applications of …