Fetal-neonatal neurologists (FNNs) consider diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic
decisions strengthened by interdisciplinary collaborations. Bio-social perspectives of the …

Cell therapy offers hope, but it also presents challenges, most particularly the limited ability
of human organs and tissues to regenerate. Since many diseases are associated with …

Congenital malformations of the brain are caused by disruption of normal development
during embryonic or fetal life and are present from birth. Increasing investigation of the …

Technologies assessing the lipidomics, genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and
proteomics of tissue samples at single-cell resolution have deepened our understanding of …

The implementation of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) raises concerns regarding their
potential toxic effects on human health. Although more and more researches have confirmed …

Vertebral malformations (VMs) pose a significant global health problem, causing chronic
pain and disability. Vertebral defects occur as isolated conditions or within the spectrum of …

Occult spinal dysraphism (OSD) comprises different forms of failure in embryogenic
development that can lead to genitourinary, spinal, or lower limb alterations, thus …

OBJECTIVE In the global environment in which neurosurgical providers practice, there is a
pressing need to identify and highlight online resources to support families shifting from …

Abstract Purpose of Review Spina bifida (SB) is a severe birth defect that affects 1400
newborns annually in the USA. SB is often diagnosed before irreversible neurological …

Introduction: Open spina bifida (OSB) manifests as myelomeningocele (MMC) or
myeloschisis (MS). Both lesions theoretically leak cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and produce …