The antimalarial hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has demonstrated several crucial properties for
the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we reviewed the main HCQ …

SLE is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disorder of high heterogeneity in clinical
presentation, treatment response and prognosis. Long-term outcomes in SLE have been …

Four Janus kinases (JAKs)(JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, TYK2) and seven signal transducers and
activators of transcription (STATs)(STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5A, STAT5B …

TLR8 is among the highest-expressed pattern-recognition receptors in the human myeloid
compartment, yet its mode of action is poorly understood. TLR8 engages two distinct ligand …

HMGB1, a nucleoprotein, is expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells. During cell activation
and cell death, HMGB1 can function as an alarm protein (alarmin) or damage-associated …

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that typically
affects women aged 16–55 years. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a well-recognized …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an immune-mediated multi-systemic disease
characterized by a wide variability of clinical manifestations and a course frequently subject …

Changes in cytokine profiles and cytokine networks are known to be a hallmark of
autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and multiple sclerosis …

N-glycosylation is a frequent modification of proteins, essential for all domains of life. N-
glycan biosynthesis is a dynamic, complex, non-templated process, wherein specific …

Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the 2020 burden of Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus (SLE) in Europe, from the patients' perspective. Methods In May 2020, Lupus …