Background The estimated annual global perinatal and neonatal death is four million.
Stillbirths are almost equivalent to neonatal mortality, yet they have not received the same …

Methods Eight databases, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO,
Cochrane Library, Popline, and Maternity and Infant Care, were searched, covering the …

Background Adverse birth outcome is a common health problem consisting of several health
effects involving pregnancy and the newborn infant. Infants with one or more adverse birth …

Even though reduction of neonatal mortality is needed to achieve Sustainable Development
Goals 2030, advanced maternal age is still an independent and a substantial risk factor for …

Background Adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth,
remain a major global health challenge, particularly in developing regions. Understanding …

The aetiology of low birth weight (LBW) is the outcome of complex interactions of numerous
physical and environmental factors. Present study aims to identify the factors determining …

Background Newborns with one-or-more adverse birth outcomes (ABOs) are at greater risk
of mortality or long-term morbidity with health impacts into adulthood. Hence, identifying …

Background Low birth weight (LBW) contributes significantly to infant and child mortality.
Each year, about 20 1million deliveries are LBW with 96.5% occurring in developing …

Background: Pregnancy outcomes that differ from normal live births are known as adverse
pregnancy outcomes. Adverse pregnancy outcomes also have significant effects on the …

Background Anemia in pregnancy has been associated with a number of adverse birth
outcomes, such as low birth weight (LBW) or preterm birth (PTB). However, the evidence …