The brain harbors a unique ability to, figuratively speaking, shift its gears. During
wakefulness, the brain is geared fully toward processing information and behaving, while …

Adequate supply of blood and structural and functional integrity of blood vessels are key to
normal brain functioning. On the other hand, cerebral blood flow shortfalls and blood–brain …

Chronic, pathological pain remains a global health problem and a challenge to basic and
clinical sciences. A major obstacle to preventing, treating, or reverting chronic pain has been …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation is essential for normal brain function. The mammalian
brain has evolved a unique mechanism for CBF control known as neurovascular coupling …

In the brain, increases in neural activity drive changes in local blood flow via neurovascular
coupling. The common explanation for increased blood flow (known as functional …

Noninvasive human neuroimaging has yielded many discoveries about the brain. Numerous
methodological advances have also occurred, though inertia has slowed their adoption. This …

To continuously process neural activity underlying sensation, movement and cognition, the
CNS requires a homeostatic microenvironment that is not only enriched in nutrients to meet …

Background—Age-related dementia, most commonly caused by Alzheimer disease or
cerebrovascular factors (vascular dementia), is a major public health threat. Chronic arterial …

The energy demands of the brain are high: they account for at least 20% of the body's
energy consumption. Evolutionary studies indicate that the emergence of higher cognitive …

The consequences of cerebrovascular disease are among the leading health issues
worldwide. Large and small cerebral vessel disease can trigger stroke and contribute to the …