Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major public health issue that has reached epidemic levels
in some parts of the world. It is a chronic and complex neurobiological disease associated …

Studies on the association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and levels of
catecholamines have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to conduct a …

Hypothalamic regulations of food intake are altered during obesity. The dopaminergic
mesocorticolimbic system, responsible for the hedonic response to food intake, is also …

Diabetes increases the likelihood of developing depression and vice versa. Research on
this bidirectional association has somewhat managed to delineate the interplay among …

Depression is a frequent non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), and may even
precede the onset of motor symptoms of parkinsonism. Beyond its negative influence on …

Introduction The response of patients with major depressive disorders (MDD) to
antidepressant treatments have been shown to be affected by multiple factors, including …

Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, ie, a
reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects …

Exercise is known to have a myriad of health benefits. There is much to be learned from the
effects of exercise and its potential for prevention, attenuation and treatment of multiple …

Research into the neurogenetic basis of addiction identified and characterized by Reward
Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) includes all drug and non-drug addictive, obsessive and …

It is predicted that by 2030, globally, an estimated 2.16 billion adults will be overweight, and
1.12 billion will be obese. This study examined genetic data regarding Reward Deficiency …