Abstract Organs-on-chips (OoCs) are systems containing engineered or natural miniature
tissues grown inside microfluidic chips. To better mimic human physiology, the chips are …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed
by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D …

The complex microenvironment in which malignant tumor cells grow is crucial for cancer
progression. The physical and biochemical characteristics of this niche are involved in …

Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death, despite enormous efforts to explore
cancer biology and develop anticancer therapies. The main challenges in cancer research …

The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles play critical roles in regulating nano-bio
interactions. Whereas the effects of the size, shape, and surface charge of nanoparticles on …

Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central and dynamic role in the creation of tumor
microenvironment. Herein we discuss the emerging biophysical and biochemical aspects of …

Tumor development and metastasis are facilitated by the complex interactions between
cancer cells and their microenvironment, which comprises stromal cells and extracellular …

Cancer is a major global health burden and poor survival rates can be attributed to lack of
early diagnosis and limited access to timely and standard treatments. Significant progress …

The advancement of microfluidics has enabled numerous discoveries and technologies in
life sciences. However, due to the lack of industry standards and configurability, the design …

Cancer immunotherapy has achieved remarkable success over the past decade by
modulating patients' own immune systems and unleashing pre-existing immunity. However …