An early step of metastasis requires a complex and coordinated migration of invasive tumor
cells into the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which contains extracellular …

Numerous cancer-associated deaths are owing to a lack of effective diagnostic and
therapeutic approaches. Microfluidic systems for analyzing a low volume of samples offer a …

Previous studies have developed vascularized tumor spheroid models to demonstrate the
impact of intravascular flow on tumor progression and treatment. However, these models …

Cancer immunotherapy is the great breakthrough in cancer treatment as it displayed
prolonged progression-free survival over conventional therapies, yet, to date, in only a …

Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTs) have been employed in biomedical fields owing to
their advantage in designing a three-dimensional (3D) solid tumor model. For controlling …

The low probability of a drug candidate's clinical success, the time consumed and the high
cost of bringing a drug from concept to market emphasizes the need for new approaches to …

Although many studies have focused on oncology and therapeutics in cancer, cancer
remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to the unclear molecular …

Tumor cells demonstrate substantial plasticity in their genotypic and phenotypic
characteristics. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) can be characterized into dynamic …

Conventional preclinical evaluation implemented in 2D monolayer cultures falls short with
multiorgan interactions, while animal systems lack the specificity of the human species …

Abstract Cancer-on-chip (CoC) models, based on microfluidic chips harboring chambers for
3D tumor-cell culture, enable us to create a controlled tumor microenvironment (TME). CoC …