Background Ageing is the inevitable time-dependent decline in physiological organ function
that eventually leads to death. Age is a major risk factor for many of the most common …

Macroautophagy, hereafter referred to as autophagy, is a catabolic process that results in
the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic contents ranging from abnormal proteins to …

The pathology of sepsis‐associated encephalopathy (SAE) is related to astrocyte‐
inflammation associated with aquaporin‐4 (AQP4). The aim here is to investigate the effects …

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Understanding the
underlying mechanisms is important for developing effective therapies for treating stroke …

Liver fibrosis is a reversible pathophysiological process correlated with intense repair and
cicatrization mechanisms, and its end-stage cirrhosis is responsible for high morbidity and …

Introduction: Roles of autophagy/mitophagy activation in ischemic stroke remain
controversial. To elucidate potential reasons, we analyze the factors responsible for …

Background Autophagy is a “self-feeding” phenomenon of cells, which is crucial in
mammalian development. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a new regulatory factor for cell …

Autophagy is a highly conserved self-digestion process to promote cell survival in response
to nutrient starvation and other metabolic stresses in eukaryotic cells. Dysregulation of this …

Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy in humans and novel
therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Autophagy is an evolutionarily highly …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated
primarily from endogenous biochemical reactions in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum …