The endothelium can evoke relaxations of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by
releasing vasodilator substances. The best‐characterized endothelium‐derived relaxing …

Adipose tissue and the liver play significant roles in the regulation of whole-body energy
homeostasis, but they have not evolved to cope with the continuous, chronic, nutrient …

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide and accounts for> 17.3
million deaths per year, with an estimated increase in incidence to 23.6 million by 2030 …

Despite the wealth of epidemiological and experimental studies indicating the protective role
of regular physical activity/exercise training against the sequels of aging and cardiovascular …

Adipose tissue plays a central role in regulating whole-body energy and glucose
homeostasis through its subtle functions at both organ and systemic levels. On one hand …

In clinical trials, biochemical markers provide useful information on the drug's mode of
action, therapeutic response and side effect monitoring and can act as surrogate endpoints …

Obesity and diabetes are strongly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders
including dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Adipose …

Background—Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a metabolic hormone with pleiotropic
effects on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. It acts as a key downstream …

Adiponectin (ADN) is an adipocyte-secreted protein with insulin-sensitizing, antidiabetic,
antiinflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties. Evidence is also accumulating that ADN …

Leptin and adiponectin are differentially expressed adipokines in obesity and cardiovascular
diseases. Leptin levels are directly associated with adipose tissue mass, while adiponectin …