Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are chronic diseases that affect nearly 425 million
people worldwide, leading to poor health outcomes and high health care costs. High …

Insulin is required for maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Despite the importance of
insulin sensitivity to metabolic health, the mechanisms that induce insulin resistance remain …

The microbiota-harboring human gut is an exquisitely active ecosystem that has evolved in a
constant symbiosis with the human host. It produces numerous compounds depending on its …

Recent studies implicate a strong association between elevated plasma branched-chain
amino acids (BCAAs) and insulin resistance (IR). However, a causal relationship and …

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) have increasingly been studied as playing a role in
diabetes, with the PubMed search string" diabetes" AND" branched chain amino acids" …

The susceptibility for various diseases as well as the response to treatments differ
considerably between men and women. As a basis for a gender-specific personalized …

Recent studies revealed strong evidence that branched-chain and aromatic amino acids
(BCAAs and AAAs) are closely associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in …

White adipose tissue is one of the largest organs of the body. It plays a key role in whole‐
body energy status and metabolism; it not only stores excess energy but also secretes …

Pancreatic β-cell function is of critical importance in the regulation of fuel homoeostasis, and
metabolic dysregulation is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM). The β-cell is an intricately …

Milk has been recognized to represent a functionally active nutrient system promoting
neonatal growth of mammals. Cell growth is regulated by the nutrient-sensitive kinase …