Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy. There has been exciting progress in
understanding its molecular pathogenesis in recent years, as best exemplified by the …

Clinicians have long sought to characterize biological markers of neoplasia as objective
indicators of tumor presence, pathogenicity, and prognosis. Armed with data that correlate …

Background Mutation of BRAF is a predominant event in cancers with poor prognosis such
as melanoma and colorectal cancer. BRAF mutation leads to a constitutive activation of …

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare malignancy. While external beam radiation therapy
has improved locoregional control, the median survival of∼ 4 months has not changed in …

Background: Aberrant activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway
plays a fundamental role in thyroid tumorigenesis, particularly in follicular thyroid cancer …

Abstract Purpose: Mutations in PIK3CA [the gene encoding the p110α catalytic subunit of
phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)] play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis …

Diagnostic Pathology and Molecular Genetics of the Thyroid, Second Edition, offers a
comprehensive overview of the diagnostic surgical pathology, cytopathology …

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Knowledge of the molecular
pathology of thyroid tumours originating from follicular cells has greatly advanced in the past …

Background: The BRAFV600E mutation is the most common driver mutation in papillary
thyroid cancer (PTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). This mutation is considered …

Background: A small subset (10–15%) of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) lack
mutations in KIT and PDGFRA (wild-type GIST). Recently, a novel BRAF exon 15 mutation …