Atherosclerosis is the root cause of many cardiovascular diseases. Extensive research in
preclinical models and emerging evidence in humans have established the crucial roles of …

Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms
behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data …

Immune cells in atherosclerosis include T, B, natural killer (NK) and NKT cells,
macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, and mast cells. Advances in …

Recent clinical trials have now firmly established that inflammation participates causally in
human atherosclerosis. These observations point the way toward novel treatments that add …

The association between chronic inflammation and increased risk of cardiovascular disease
in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well established. In the general population, inflammation is an …

Progressive fibrosis is a feature of aging and chronic tissue injury in multiple organs,
including the kidney and heart. Glioma-associated oncogene 1 expressing (Gli1+) cells are …

Platelets play important roles in thrombosis-dependent obstructive cardiovascular diseases.
In addition, it has now become evident that platelets also participate in the earliest stages of …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipid-
rich plaques within arterial walls. T cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of …

Current pharmacological treatments of atherosclerosis often target either cholesterol control
or inflammation management, to inhibit atherosclerotic progression, but cannot lead to direct …

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide and leukocyte recruitment is a key
element of this phenomenon, thus allowing immune cells to enter the arterial wall. There, in …