In the constructed habitat in which we spend up to 90% of our time, architectural design
influences occupants' behavioral patterns, interactions with objects, surfaces, rituals, the …

Water-based opportunistic pathogens (OPs) are a leading cause of drinking-water-related
disease outbreaks, especially in developed countries such as the United States (US) …

Based on modern microbiology, we propose a major revision in current space exploration
philosophy and planetary protection policy, especially regarding microorganisms in space …

Low-dose proton radiation is one of the important factors that have a major impact on
microorganisms in spacecraft. In this paper, the changes in the life activity characteristics of …

Large language models (LLMs) are currently disrupting law. Yet their precise impact on
international law, especially treaty interpretation, remains underexplored. Treaty …

Ma is a common scientific abbreviation for Megayears ¼ one million (106) years derived
from the Latin Mega-annum. Note that the Latin accusative, annum, expresses an absolute …

Abstract The International Space Station (ISS) is a unique, completely confined habitat for
the human crew and co-inhabiting microorganisms. Here, we report on the results of the ISS …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa can attach to surfaces and form aggregates known as biofilms. It
has been previously found that P. aeruginosa cultivated in space form thicker and …