Pine resin is a non-wood forest product that has been used for multiple purposes since
ancient times throughout the world. In recent years, resin tapping activity has increased in …

Conifers have evolved different chemical and anatomical defences against a wide range of
antagonists. Resin ducts produce, store and translocate oleoresin, a complex terpenoid …

Induced defense is a common plant strategy in response to herbivory. Although abiotic
damage, such as physical wounding, pruning, and heating, can induce plant defense, the …

Abstract Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) cause widespread tree
mortality in coniferous forests worldwide. Constitutive and induced host defenses are …

Pine wilt disease caused by pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, PWN) is a
severe forest disease of the genus Pinus. Masson pine as an important timber and oleoresin …

Tree death is not always preceded by a visible decline in vigor (canopy dieback) or a
progressive loss in crown volume. Identifying early-warning signals of incipient decline can …

In the last five years, sharp increases in the price of natural resins, accompanied by
technological advances directed toward mechanization, have made resin tapping a strategic …

Pine resin is a highly valuable and sought-after non-timber forest product with multiple uses
in many industrial sectors. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) is the main tapped species in …

In pine species, resin ducts are the specialized secretory structures to synthesize and store
resin. Resin terpenes finds broad applications in pharmaceutical, chemical, biofuel, and …

Pine trees produce large amounts of oleoresin to defend against biotic threats. Resin is
highly costly to produce and investment in its production must be accurately optimized in …