Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment paradigm for many malignancies
and is transforming the drug development landscape. Although immunotherapeutic agents …

Animal models play an indispensable role in the study of human diseases. However, animal
models of different diseases do not fully mimic the complex internal environment of humans …

Polymorphic HLAs form the primary immune barrier to cell therapy. In addition, innate
immune surveillance impacts cell engraftment, yet a strategy to control both, adaptive and …

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors opened new horizons in cancer treatment. Clinical
trials for novel immunotherapies or unexplored combination regimens either need years of …

Mice xenotransplanted with human cells and/or expressing human gene products (also
known as “humanized mice”) recapitulate the human evolutionary specialization and …

Since the late 1980s, mice have been repopulated with human hematopoietic cells to study
the fundamental biology of human hematopoiesis and immunity, as well as a broad range of …

Anti-PD-1 therapy targets intratumoral CD8+ T cells to promote clinical responses in cancer
patients. Recent evidence suggests an additional activity in the periphery, but the underlying …

With the increase in knowledge resulting from the sequencing of the human genome, the
genetic basis for the underlying differences in individuals, their diseases, and how they …

Humanized mice are limited in terms of modeling human immunity, particularly with regards
to antibody responses. Here we constructed a humanized (THX) mouse by grafting non-γ …

ABSTRACT A major impediment to successful use of therapeutic protein drugs is their ability
to induce anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that can alter treatment efficacy and safety in a …