Singlet oxygen (1O2) is a biologically relevant reactive oxygen species capable of efficiently
reacting with cellular constituents. The resulting oxidatively generated damage to nucleic …

UV-induced DNA damage plays a key role in the initiation phase of skin cancer. When left
unrepaired or when damaged cells are not eliminated by apoptosis, DNA lesions express …

The adverse effects of terrestrial solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR)(~ 295–400 nm) on the skin
are well documented, especially in the UVB region (~ 295–320 nm). The effects of very long …

Eumelanin is photoprotective for pigmented tissues while pheomelanin is phototoxic. In this
review, we summarize current understanding of how eumelanin and pheomelanin structures …

A primary role of melanin in skin is the prevention of UV-induced nuclear DNA damage to
human skin cells, where it serves to screen out harmful UV radiation. Melanin is delivered to …

Curcumin, a natural polyphenol widely used as a spice, colorant and food additive, has
been shown to have therapeutic effects against different disorders, mostly due to its anti …

The endoperoxides of β-carotene (βCar-EPOs) are regarded as main products of the
chemical deactivation of 1O2 by β-carotene, one of the most important antioxidants …

It is known that noncationic porphyrins such as Photofrin (PF) are effective in mediating
antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) of Gram-positive bacteria or fungi. However …

Rose bengal (RB) is a halogenated xanthene dye that has been used to mediate
antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation for several years. While RB is highly active against …

Skin ageing is the result of a loss of cellular function, which can be further accelerated by
external factors. Mitochondria have important roles in skin function, and mitochondrial …