Background: Comorbidities may have an important impact on survival, and comorbidity
scores are often implemented in studies assessing prognosis. The Charlson Comorbidity …

Preoperative risk evaluation scores are used prior to surgery to predict perioperative risks.
They are also a useful tool to help clinicians communicate the risk–benefit balance of the …

Study Design. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Objective. The aim of this
study was to examine risk factors for long-term opioid use following lumbar spinal fusion …

Importance Low-value care is prevalent in the United States, yet little is known about the
downstream health care use triggered by low-value services. Measurement of such care …

Background Risk adjustment has implications across orthopaedics, including informing
clinical care, improving payment models, and enabling observational orthopaedic research …

Background: The combined comorbidity score, which merges the Charlson and Elixhauser
comorbidity indices, uses the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases …

Background: Older adults have many comorbidities contributing to mortality. Objective: To
develop a summary Elixhauser (S-Elixhauser) comorbidity score to predict 30-day, in …

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Over a million older patients in the United States are admitted
yearly for emergency general surgery (EGS) conditions. Seven procedure types dominate …

Background Five million surgeries take place in the NHS each year. Little is known about the
prevalence of chronic diseases among these patients, and the association with …

Infections are among the most feared and devastating complications of penile prosthesis
infections, often requiring surgical exploration and explantation are prosthesis infections …