Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by chronic inflammation; both diseases
involve pancreatic islet inflammation, while systemic low-grade inflammation is a feature of …

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined by the abundance of lipid
droplets (LDs) in hepatocytes. While historically considered simply a depot for energy …

Oxidative stress has been considered as a major hallmark for the pathogenesis and
development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but still it is debatable whether it is a mere …

Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of heart attack and stroke. Early observations that
cholesterol is a key component of arterial plaques gave rise to the cholesterol hypothesis for …

The breakthrough discoveries of leptin and adiponectin more than two decades ago led to a
widespread recognition of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Many more adipose tissue …

Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both type 1 and
type 2 diabetes. Insulin, which is produced in β-cells, is a critical regulator of metabolism …

Background Conflicting evidence exists regarding the association between saturated fatty
acids (SFAs) and type 2 diabetes. In this longitudinal case-cohort study, we aimed to …

Components of the immune system are altered in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), with the
most apparent changes occurring in adipose tissue, the liver, pancreatic islets, the …

Background Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to health worldwide. Scope of Review
The exact mechanisms underlying the disease are unknown; however, there is growing …

Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease are chronic diseases affecting a large number of
populations worldwide. Changed bone metabolism is one of the important long-term …