The worldwide increase in the incidence of diabetes, the increase in type 2 diabetes in
women at reproductive ages, and the cross-generation of the intrauterine programming of …

Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder. Often presenting as
preexisting or new-onset hypertension complicated by proteinuria and/or end-organ …

Maternal diabetes mellitus is associated with increased teratogenesis, which can occur in
pregestational type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Cardiac defects and with neural tube defects are …

The fetal origins of adult disease (FOAD) hypothesis holds that events during early
development have a profound impact on one's risk for the development of future adult …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, PPARδ and PPARγ) are ligand-
activated transcription factors that regulate metabolic, anti-inflammatory and developmental …

The developmental origin of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis refers to the adverse
effects of suboptimal developmental environments during embryonic and early fetal stages …

Aims Exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with increased prevalence of
hypertension in the offspring. The mechanisms underlying the prenatal programming of …

Objectives To assess fetal cardiac structure and function in normal pregnancy and in the
presence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using echocardiography measurements …

Objectives To assess fetal cardiac structure and function and to evaluate the efficacy of
routine fetal echocardiography for detection of fetal cardiac abnormalities in women with …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to a ligand-dependent nuclear
receptor family. In the past decade, numerous studies have revealed the presence and …