Cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Around 90% of deaths are
caused by metastasis and just 10% by primary tumor. The advancement of treatment …

Complicated vessels pervade almost all body tissues and influence the pathophysiology of
the human body significantly. However, current fabrication strategies have limited success at …

Highlights•Tumor tissues stiffen in disease, but cancer cells can soften.•Some cancer cell
types lose aspects of stiffness sensing.•Ras, FAK and PI3K/Akt signaling have been …

Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems have contributed tremendously to our
understanding of cancer biology but have significant limitations in mimicking in vivo …

The tumor microenvironment contributes significantly to tumor initiation, progression, and
resistance to chemotherapy. Much of our understanding of the tumor and its …

Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from preexisting
ones and plays a critical role in several conditions including embryonic development, tissue …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex macromolecular network filled with a series
of stromal cells. It plays an important role in tumorigenesis, development, immune escape …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical cue to direct tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Although two-dimensional (2D) culture models have been widely employed to understand …

There is an increasing need for advanced and inexpensive preclinical models to accelerate
the development of anticancer drugs. While costly animal models fail to predict human …

Conventional in vitro cancer models do not accurately reproduce the tumor
microenvironment (TME), so three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting represents an excellent tool …