Background: Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of pathologies characterized by
structural and functional alterations of the heart. Aims: The purpose of this narrative review is …

Given the global burden of heart failure, strategies to understand the underlying cause or to
provide prognostic information are critical to reducing the morbidity and mortality associated …

Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of heart muscle diseases and an important
cause of heart failure (HF). Current knowledge on incidence, pathophysiology and natural …

Since the inception of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society heart failure (HF) guidelines in
2006, much has changed in the care for patients with HF. Over the past decade, the HF …

In 2005, the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) Board of
Directors commissioned the development of the first International Listing Criteria for Heart …

The aim of this updated guideline is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based
recommendations on the prevention of future stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or …

1From Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; 2Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri University of
Pavia, Pavia, Italy and New York University, New York, New York; 3University Hospital …

In biology, classification systems are used to promote understanding and systematic
discussion through the use of logical groups and hierarchies. In clinical medicine, similar …

The first nonsurgical techniques for heart biopsy were reported in 1958. 2 In the 1960s the
safety of heart biopsy improved, with vascular access through the right external or internal …

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Despite
a number of important therapeutic advances for the treatment of symptomatic HF, 1 the …