Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a stromal cell population with cell-of-origin,
phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, are the most essential components of the tumor …

Interleukins and associated cytokines serve as the means of communication for innate and
adaptive immune cells as well as non-immune cells and tissues. Thus, interleukins have a …

Abstract The IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway is aberrantly hyperactivated in many types of cancer,
and such hyperactivation is generally associated with a poor clinical prognosis. In the …

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) belongs to a broad class of cytokines involved in the regulation of various
homeostatic and pathological processes. These activities range from regulating embryonic …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine. Its deregulation is
associated with chronic inflammation, and multifactorial auto-immune disorders. It mediates …

Several studies have shown that interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with both
pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, depending on the immune response …

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are generated during tumor progression and
suppress the anti-tumor functions of T and natural killer (NK) cells. Their enrichment is …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-
ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 provide deep and durable …

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells, uniquely able to induce naïve
T cell activation and effector differentiation. They are, likewise, involved in the induction and …

Tumorigenesis is a complex and dynamic process involving different cellular and non-
cellular elements composed of tumor microenvironment (TME). The interaction of TME with …