Objective. The responses and contributions of the soft tissue structures of the human neck
are described with a focus on mathematical modeling. Spinal ligaments, intervertebral discs …

Numerical analyses frequently accompany experimental investigations that study injury
biomechanics and improvements in automotive safety. Limited by computational speed …

Minor injuries of the cervical spine are essentially defined as injuries that do not involve a
fracture. Archetypical of minor cervical injury is the whiplash injury. Among other reasons …

The cervical spine poses many complex challenges that require complex solutions. Anterior
cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has been one such technique often employed to …

A second series of low speed rear end crash tests with seven volunteer test subjects have
delineated human head/neck dynamics for velocity changes up to 10.9 kph (6.8 mph) …

The human neck is vulnerable. In car accidents, inertia farces of the head can load or deform
the tissues of the neck beyond tolerabie limits, resulting in injury. Most neck injuries are …

At the Naval BioDynamics Laboratory (NBDL) in New Orleans a large series of human
volunteer experiments has been conducted by Ewing and Thomas [1]* to determine the …

A computational head-neck model was developed to more efficiently study dynamic
responses of the head and neck to near-vertex head impact. The model consisted of rigid …

Prevention of neck injuries due to complex loading, such as occurs in traffic accidents,
requires knowledge of neck injury mechanisms and tolerances. The influence of muscle …

Unlike other modes of loading, the tolerance of the human neck in tension depends heavily
on the load bearing capabilities of the muscles of the neck. Because of limitations in animal …