Background Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major limiting factor in neuronal recovery
following traumatic brain injury. Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been recently proposed for use in …

BACKGROUND: Critical hypoperfusion and metabolic derangement are frequently
encountered with refractory vasospasm. Endovascular rescue therapies (ERT) have proven …

Astrocytic glutamate (Glt) uptake keeps brain interstitial Glt levels low. Within the astrocytes
Glt is converted to glutamine (Gln), which is released and reconverted to Glt in neurons. The …

OBJECTIVE: Disturbances of the l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) vasodilatory pathway have
been implicated as a cause of acute vasoconstriction and ischemia after subarachnoid …

Background Monitoring the injured brain is an integral part of the management of severely
brain injured patients in intensive care. There is increasing interest in methods to monitor …

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a devastating complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid
hemorrhage (ASAH) causing brain infarction and disability. Cerebral microdialysis (CMD) …

Brain has a continuous demand for energy that is met by oxidative metabolism of oxygen
and glucose. This demand is compromised in the injured brain and if the inadequate supply …

While continuous monitoring of brain tissue oxygenation (ptiO2) is known as a practicable,
safe and reliable monitoring technology supplementing traditional ICP-CPP-monitoring, the …

Object. Changes in lactate and glucose levels in the brain may be used to monitor a
dynamic ischemic process. The authors related extracellular concentrations of glucose and …

Most neurological and psychiatric disorders involve selective or preferential impairments of
neurotransmitter systems. Therefore, studies of functional transmitter pathophysiology in …