Neuropathic pain, a maladaptive and chronic condition that can develop after a lesion or
disease affecting the somatosensory system, is characterized by allodynia, hyperalgesia …

Oxycodone, a semisynthetic derivative of naturally occurring thebaine, an opioid alkaloid,
has been available for more than 100 years. Although thebaine cannot be used …

Tramadol—an atypical opioid analgesic—has a unique pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic profile, with opioidergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic actions …

Lesion or disease of the somatosensory system leads to the development of neuropathic
pain. Peripheral neuropathic pain encompasses damage or injury of the peripheral nervous …

Depression and anxiety are common comorbidities of neuropathic pain (NP).
Pharmacological preclinical studies on NP have given abundant information on the effects of …

An interesting research and therapeutic problem is the reduced beneficial efficacy of opioids
in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The present study sought to investigate the potential …

Background Recent data suggest that glial cells may be involved in the analgesic effects
and abuse liability of opioids. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that mu-opioid-receptor …

Background The NF-κB pathway and chemokine (CC motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) are involved in
pain modulation; however, the precise mechanisms of their interactions in chronic …

Abstract Preclinical Research The current work evaluates the interaction between two
commonly used drugs, tramadol (Tra) and gabapentin (Gbp). Dose‐response curves (DRC) …

AIM: Nerve entrapment syndromes are the most common causes of neuropathic pain.
Surgical decompression is the preferred method of treatment. The aim of this study was to …