Abstract Magnesium (Mg 2+) is an essential ion to the human body, playing an instrumental
role in supporting and sustaining health and life. As the second most abundant intracellular …

Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is a recently defined entity
that includes rare kidney diseases characterized by tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis …

Acute kidney injury (AKI), commonly caused by ischemia, sepsis, or nephrotoxic insult, is
associated with increased mortality and a heightened risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) …

Kidney organoids made from pluripotent stem cells have the potential to revolutionize how
kidney development, disease, and injury are studied. Current protocols are technically …

Heterozygous mutations in the gene that encodes the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear
factor 1β (HNF1B) represent the most common known monogenic cause of developmental …

The basic unit of kidney function is the nephron. In the mouse, around 14,000 nephrons form
in a 10-day period extending into early neonatal life, while the human fetus forms the adult …

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β)–associated disease is a recently recognized clinical
entity with a variable multisystem phenotype. Early reports described an association …

Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are one of the leading
congenital defects to be identified on prenatal ultrasound. CAKUT represent a broad …

Mutations in HNF1B, the gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β are the most
commonly identified genetic cause of renal malformations. HNF1B was first identified as a …

Heterozygous mutations in the human HNF1B gene are associated with maturity-onset
diabetes of the young type 5 (MODY5) and pancreas hypoplasia. In mouse, Hnf1b …