Sigma factors are multi-domain subunits of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) that play
critical roles in transcription initiation, including the recognition and opening of promoters as …

▪ Abstract Promoter recognition in eubacteria is carried out by the initiation factor sigma,
which binds RNA polymerase and initiates transcription. Cells have one housekeeping …

In prokaryotes, CRISPR-Cas systems provide adaptive immune responses against foreign
genetic elements through RNA-guided nuclease activity. Recently, additional genes with …

Surface sensing is a critical process that promotes the transition to a biofilm lifestyle. Several
surface-sensing mechanisms have been described for a range of species, most involving …

A distinctive feature of prokaryotic gene expression is the absence of 5′-capped RNA. In
eukaryotes, 5′, 5′-triphosphate-linked 7-methylguanosine protects messenger RNA from …

The Gram-negative bacterial envelope is an essential interface between the intracellular
and harsh extracellular environment. Envelope stress responses (ESRs) are crucial to the …

ClpXP is a protease involved in DNA damage repair, stationary-phase gene expression, and
ssrA-mediated protein quality control. To date, however, only a handful of ClpXP substrates …

Bacteria often cope with environmental stress by inducing alternative sigma (σ) factors,
which direct RNA polymerase to specific promoters, thereby inducing a set of genes called a …

Transmembrane signaling between intracellular compartments is often controlled by
regulated proteolysis. Escherichia coli respond to misfolded or unfolded outer-membrane …

We have defined a sensitivity profile for 22 antibiotics by extending previous work testing the
entire KEIO collection of close to 4,000 single-gene knockouts in Escherichia coli for …