Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFFs) constitute the most diverse continental vertebrate fauna
on Earth, with more than 6,200 named species compressed into an aquatic footprint< 0.5 …

Abstract Since 2005, the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee (CBRO) has published
updated checklists of Brazilian birds almost every year. Herein, we present a completely …

Animals have diversified into a bewildering variety of morphological forms exploiting a
complex configuration of trophic niches. Their morphological diversity is widely used as an …

The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to
fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled …

We combined new sequence data for more than 300 muroid rodent species with our
previously published sequences for up to five nuclear and one mitochondrial genes to …

Since the recognition that allopatric speciation can be induced by large-scale
reconfigurations of the landscape that isolate formerly continuous populations, such as the …

The tempo of species diversification in large clades can reveal fundamental evolutionary
mechanisms that operate on large temporal and spatial scales [1–4]. Hummingbirds have …

The origin, distribution, and function of biological diversity are fundamental themes of
ecology and evolutionary biology. Research on birds has played a major role in the history …

The ability of feathers to perform many functions either simultaneously or at different times
throughout the year or life of a bird is integral to the evolutionary history of birds. Many …

A key question in predicting responses to anthropogenic climate change is: how quickly can
species adapt to different climatic conditions? Here, we take a phylogenetic approach to this …