Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is a global health issue that afflicts more than one
billion children and adults worldwide. The consequences of vitamin D deficiency cannot be …

Worldwide, nutritional rickets continues to be an evolving problem with several causes. This
paper provides an updated literature review characterising the prevalence, aetiology …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with degeneration of
pancreatic β-cells that results in an inability to produce insulin and the need for exogenous …

Low dietary calcium intakes and poor vitamin D status are common findings in children living
in developing countries. Despite many of the countries lying within the tropics and …

The calcium content of some foods is inappropriately calculated per 100 kcal, 100 g or 100
mL, or the reference amount customarily consumed (RACC). So, making some food choices …

The triple burden of malnutrition is an incessant issue in low-and middle-income countries,
and fish has the potential to mitigate this burden. In Ghana fish is a central part of the diet …

Background: The aim of this study was to establish the frequencies of vitamin D deficiency
and insufficiency among healthy children aged 1–16 years and also to determine the factors …

Considered as a vitamin and a pre-hormone, vitamin D, in its biologically active form (1, 25-
dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1, 25 (OH) 2D3]) is able to immunomodulate the functional activities of …

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the general features of rickets, classification of the
various causes of the disease, and nutritional rickets. Rickets is a clinical syndrome …

Objective To determine if genetically increased serum calcium levels are associated with
improved bone mineral density and a reduction in osteoporotic fractures. Design Mendelian …